Adopción y Uso de las TIC en las PYMES de México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29105/in22.43-456Palabras clave:
information and communication technology; organization; small and medium enterprise; strategy; business informality.Resumen
La adopción y el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs) pueden haber llevado a las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) a ser más competitivas y tecnológicamente compatibles a lo largo de los años, pocos estudios han abordado las estrategias organizacionales que impactan positivamente el uso de las TIC en pymes. El propósito de este trabajo es identificar estas estrategias. Se revisaron bases de datos de literatura académica para proporcionar material confiable para usar en un cuestionario administrado a 42 administradores de PYMES. Se aplicó una escala de Likert de cinco puntos y se utilizó el valor alfa de Cronbach para garantizar la consistencia. Con base en una ecuación de regresión múltiple, se determinó que la planificación estratégica empresarial (β=0,294), la informalidad empresarial (β=0,391) y la estructura organizacional (β=0,327), fueron las variables estratégicas con mayor impacto en el uso de las TICs entre las pymes, siendo la informalidad empresarial la que tiene el mayor efecto sobre el cambio de unidad. Además, el 79% de los resultados del estudio piloto mostraron que se podía obtener una distribución similar de la población, como lo muestra el valor R2 (0,79). Se concluyó que las estrategias organizacionales de planificación empresarial, informalidad empresarial y estructura organizacional impactan positivamente en el uso de las TIC en las PYMES. Debido a que esta investigación fue un estudio piloto, se recomienda que futuros estudios aumenten el tamaño de la muestra y apliquen el cuestionario a otros sectores económicos para verificar la consistencia de los resultados.
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